Understanding Injectable Medications: Intramuscular vs. Subcutaneous Injections
Injectable medications come in two main forms: intramuscular and subcutaneous injections. Understanding the differences between these types is crucial for effective self-administration.
INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTIONS
Intramuscular injections are administered directly into a muscle, typically using a slightly longer and thicker needle. Common examples include certain antibiotics, vaccines, and testosterone injections for testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).
SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTIONS
Subcutaneous injections deliver medication into the layer of fatty tissue just beneath the skin, using a shorter and thinner needle. Medications administered via subcutaneous injection include Ozempic or Wegovy for weight loss, insulin, blood thinners, and fertility drugs.
CHOOSING THE RIGHT INJECTION SITE
The choice of injection site depends on the type of injection and your personal preference.
INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTIONS
Suitable sites include the thigh, buttocks, hips, or upper arm. The thigh is often preferred for self-administration due to its accessibility.
SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTIONS
Options include the thigh, abdomen, or the side/back of the upper arm. The abdomen is a popular choice for its ease of access and reduced discomfort.
ROTATING INJECTION SITES
To promote tissue healing and prevent discomfort, it’s crucial to rotate injection sites with each shot. This can involve using different body parts or varying the spots within the same area.
STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE TO SELF-INJECTION
PREPARATION
- Wash your hands: Begin by washing your hands thoroughly with soap and water.
- Gather supplies: Collect all necessary supplies, including alcohol wipes, gauze pads or cotton balls, your medication, needle, and a sharps disposal container.
CLEANING THE INJECTION SITE
Use an alcohol wipe or soaked cotton ball to clean the injection site. Allow it to air dry for 30 seconds or pat it dry with a clean gauze pad.
PREPARING THE MEDICATION
- Single-dose injector pens: Remove the cap and apply firm pressure against the skin until the injection begins.
- Multi-dose injector pens: Attach a new needle, select the dose, and hold the pen against the skin until the injection is complete.
- Disposable needles and syringes: Fill the syringe according to the provided instructions and insert it into the skin at the desired angle.
ADMINISTERING THE INJECTION
Insert the needle at the designated site and deliver the medication as instructed. Apply gentle pressure to the injection site afterward to minimize bleeding.
FILLING A SYRINGE (IF APPLICABLE)
If your medication requires filling a syringe before injection, follow these steps:
- Wash your hands: Clean hands are crucial to prevent infection.
- Check the medication: Ensure the medication vial is clear and within the expiration date.
- Clean the vial: Use an alcohol pad to clean the rubber top of the vial.
- Draw the medication: Draw the appropriate dose into the syringe, ensuring accuracy and bubble removal.
- Proceed with the injection: Follow the standard injection process outlined above.
OVERCOMING NEEDLE PHOBIA
If you experience fear or anxiety related to needles, know that you’re not alone. Consider these strategies to alleviate discomfort:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy or exposure therapy: These therapeutic techniques can help you manage and overcome needle phobia.
- Breathing exercises and posture: Practice deep breathing exercises and maintain an upright posture during injections to reduce anxiety.
- Topical anesthetic or ice pack: Apply a topical anesthetic or use an ice pack to numb the injection site before administering the shot.
- Distraction techniques: Cough vigorously before the injection to distract your mind from the needle.
CONCLUSION
Mastering the art of self-injection may seem daunting at first, but with patience and practice, it becomes second nature. Remember, your healthcare provider is there to guide you through the process and address any concerns along the way. Aktwisted Wellness is committed to supporting you on your health journey, providing you with the tools and knowledge you need to manage your health effectively.
DISCLAIMER
This blog post serves as informational content and does not constitute medical advice. Readers are encouraged to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized guidance regarding self-injection techniques and medication administration. While the information presented is based on reputable sources, it is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
SOURCES
- American Association of Diabetes Educators. (2018). Injectable Medications: An Overview. Retrieved from.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Vaccine Administration: Best Practices Guidance. Retrieved from.
- Mayo Clinic. (2019). Needle Phobia: Tips for Overcoming Fear of Needles. Retrieved from.
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2019). Insulin, Medicines, & Other Diabetes Treatments. Retrieved from.
- World Health Organization. (2020). Safe Injection Practices. Retrieved from.